Purpose: This study aimed to identify the actor and partner effects of self-efficacy, marital adjustment, and social support on the health promotingbehavior of Korean pregnant couples. Methods: Participants were 132 couples who met the eligibility criteria. Data were collected from Juneto November, 2016 at a community health center. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was used for analyzing the actor and partner effectsof self-efficacy, marital adjustment, and social support on health promoting behavior. Results: The fitness indices for the model wereGFI=0.90, NFI=0.92, CFI=0.91, TLI=0.90, and RMSEA=0.04, which satisfied the criteria. Self-efficacy had actor and partner effect on health promotingbehavior of wives, but had only actor effect of on health promoting behavior of husbands. Marital adjustment showed actor and partnereffect on the health promoting behavior of pregnant couples. Social support only had an actor effect on the health promoting behavior ofwives. And, marital adjustment and social support had a mutual effect. Conclusion: This study indicates that the partner involvement is neededto develop health promotion programs for pregnant couples.