[영문]This study examined the types and combinations of public and privateassistance received by three types of low-income households, includingthose with children, without children, and elderly without children. Using data from the 1996 and 2001 panels of the Surveyof Income and Program Participation (SIPP), the results indicatethat a large percentage of low-income households rely on publicassistance, and receipt of private assistance is much less common.Approximately 7% of the sample use both types of assistance. Thefindings highlight differences in combinations of public and privateassistance used by different household types. We also found some signifi-cant differences in the factors that determine receipt of public andprivate assistance. Practice and policy implications are discussed.