The purpose of this study is to investigate a possibility and need of the functional change of self-sufficiency promotion center in rural areas that is run based on job services for the poor. Firstly, by utilizing [2012 self-sufficiency program participants comparison survey data] which was conducted by Korea Self-Reliance Policy Institute, crosstabs was according to area type such as Rural type-urbanrural complex type-urban type was performed. As a result, it was found that Rural type self-sufficiency program participants showed lower characteristics of ‘human capital’ such as age, education, health, etc. than the others. Secondly, self-sufficiency promotion center's participants located in rural areas showed inadequate conditions. Thirdly, when it comes to operating Self-sufficient work team, Type of Social Service Job with low profitability was the most remarkable, and by industry, the self-sufficiency program through farming showed the highest proportion in type of industry. According to these results, in case of rural type self-sufficiency promotion center, operating it for the purpose of independence and self-sufficiency of the poor seems far from reality considering self-sufficiency program participants and characteristics of the local society. Based on this, there was a need of the functional change suggested in order for rural type self-sufficiency promotion center to expand the role including supplying local regeneration and social services.