[Contents] Chapter 1. Introduction 19 Section 1. Research Background and Purpose 19 Section 2. Research Scope and Methods 21 Chapter 2. Current Situations of Long-term Care Judgment Rating 29 Section 1. The Process of Developing and Modifying Long-term Care Judgment Rating 29 Section 2. Analysis of Long-term Care Judgment Rating Database 36 Chapter 3. Diagnosis of Long-term Care Judgment Rating System 61 Section 1. Analysis of Need Assessments by Need Assessors, Need Assessment Committee, and Experts 61 Section 2. Diagnosis of the Problems of Judgment Rating Tools 107 Section 3. Diagnosis of the Judgment Rating System 114 Chapter 4. Judgment Rating Tools Used in Foreign Countries 133 Section 1. Japan 133 Section 2. Germany 141 Section 3. USA 149 Section 4. Australia 161 Section 5. Netherlands 178 Section 6. The Comparison of the Purposes and Features of Need Assessment by Country 192 Chapter 5. Analysis of the Results of the Survey on the Functions and Service Amount in 2011 197 Section 1. Survey Design 197 Section 2. Analysis of the Elderly's Physical Conditions and Needs for Care 222 Section 3. Results of the Survey on the Amount of Services 258 Section 4. Long-term Care Benefits and Informal Care for the Elderly using In-Home Services 273 Chapter 6. Improvement of Long-term Care Approval Questionnaire 285 Section 1. Review of Long-term Care Approval Score Calculation Items 285 Section 2. Review of Check-list Optimization of Long-term Care 312 Section 3. Modified Long-term Care Approval Questionnaire 320 Chapter 7. Development of Long-term Care Approval Score Calculation Model 341 Section 1. Basic Direction of Model Development 341 Section 2. Review of Data for the Development of Long-term Care Approval Score Calculation Model 345 Section 3. Caculation Model of Approval Score using Tree Diagram 359 Section 4. Additional Scores for the Intellectually Challenged 382 Section 5. Approval Scores and Changes in Judgment Ratings after the Application of the Model 389 Section 6. Evaluation of the Model 400 Section 7. Financial Estimation 420 Section 8. Conditions for Each Rating 421 Section 9. Regression Model 423 Chapter 8. Improving Long-term Care insurance Judgment Rating System 431 Section 1. Improving the Operation of the Judgment Rating Committee 431 Section 2. Revising the Effective Period of Ratings 434 Section 3. Improvement of Assessment Application and Those involved in the Assessment 446 Section 4. Analysis and Proposals with Regards to the Letters of Doctors' Opinions 448 Section 5. Review of Terms That Represent Conditions 454 Chapter 9. Policy Proposals 461 References 465