Objectives: This is a descriptive study by meta analysis on experimental research and papers that verify the effect of smoking preventive program on elementary school students in South Korea and overseas. First, it is to analyze the characteristics of the study; second, to identify size of the effect of the dependent variables; and third, to compare size of the effect of the smoking preventive program for elementary school students according to dependent variables. Methods: Twenty papers on elementary school students were chosen for final analysis. The effect of the program was suggested in effect size. Results: Intervention of the smoking preventive program promotes awareness on smoking among elementary school students to encourage anti-smoking attitude, which ultimately leads to prevention of smoking; and it also reduces rate of smokers. Analysis on the effect size based on theoretical frame shows that effect of smoking preventive program developed by specific theories is relatively greater than that of the programs based on precedent studies. Rather than programs based on social cognitive theory, programs based on life skills training and ecological approach showed relatively greater effect. Conclusions: This will be useful data for development of smoking preventive education for elementary school students.