[영문]On July 30, 1965, President Lyndon B.Johnson signed the Social SecurityAmendments of 1965 into law. With his signaturehe created Medicare and Medicaid,which became two of America’s most enduringsocial programs. The signing ceremony tookplace in Independence, Missouri, in the presenceof former President Harry S. Truman,as if to indicate that what President Trumanand other Presidents before him had tried toget done had now been accomplished. Yet, forall of the appearance of continuity, the lawthat President Johnson approved differed insignificant ways from the law that PresidentFranklin D. Roosevelt would have passedin the thirties or President Truman wouldhave signed in the forties. The very ideaof national health insurance underwent amajor transformation between the beginningof the century and 1965. Even as the passageof Medicare became assured late in 1964and in 1965, the legislation remained fluid,with important matters related to consumerchoice and the basic design of the programin constant flux.