[영문]Contemporary studies that track the new racialization of povertyin Canada require an historical account. The history we invokein North America is often borrowed from the British poor laws,a literature that is severed from its counterpart: the histories ofracial slavery, racial thinking, White bourgeois power and themaking of White settler societies. The effects of severing the historyof poor relief from racial classifications and racism(s) arefar reaching. Systems of oppression come to be seen as separatestructures in which the New Poor Law appears as a domesticpolicy in Britain unrelated to racial thinking and racial slavery.This paper argues that attempts at managing and civilizing thepoor in Britain and Upper Canada were racial projects suited tocolonial ambitions and enterprises. Our histories of social welfareare deeply tied to the creation of White bourgeois subjectsenlisted into the management and extension of empire. This historycontinues to organize contemporary social policy debates,and views on globalization and the racialization of poverty.