Purpose: The focus of the study was on the selection-optimization-compensation (SOC) strategy to predict successful aging mediated by dyspneasymptoms in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The model was constructed based on the hypotheses that copingstrategy and social support of the elders predict successful aging through the SOC strategies. Methods: Participants were 218 outpatients withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease recruited for the study. Data collection was done from March 25 to September 11, 2015, and analyzedusing SPSSWIN 22.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: The hypothetical model appeared to be fit to the data. Seven of eight hypotheses selected forhypothetical model were statistically significant. The SOC strategy has only significant indirect effects through dyspnea symptoms on successfulaging. Coping strategy, social support, SOC strategies and dyspnea symptoms explained 62% of variance in successful aging. Conclusion: TheSOC strategies with social support and dyspnea symptoms significantly explained successful aging among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease. Nursing strategies should be focused on social support and coping strategies to optimize SOC strategies so that older adultswith chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are able to manage dyspnea symptoms and eventually achieve successful aging.