This study aims to comprehensively examine the demographic changes and policies of Japan, France, Germany, and Sweden, providing basic data that can be used as a reference for Korea’s population policy. In addition, by reviewing the results of perception surveys conducted among people in Korea and the four countries, the study seeks to derive policy implications.
The key implications of this study are as follows. Future policies should focus on closing gender gaps and creating a family-friendly environment, while easing negative views on childbirth and strengthening practical support. It is important that family-friendly policies ensure not only their existence but also real accessibility and usability. Care policies may be more effective if based on family-led caregiving, with financial and social support provided by society. Lastly, rebuilding social trust and fairness could positively influence attitudes toward childbirth.