Using data from the 2024 National Family and Fertility Survey, this study conducts an in-depth empirical analysis of marriage and childbirth in Korea by examining individuals’ values, gender roles within couples, life-course regional mobility, reproductive health experiences, childcare costs and government support, and the use of work-family balance programs. It also assesses how recent revisions to the survey enhance the ability to capture diverse family forms and fertility-related behaviors, and discusses implications for improving both family and fertility policies as well as the future design of the National Family and Fertility Survey.