Amid rapid transformations in the socioeconomic landscape, societal demands for the support of vulnerable youth have intensified, underscoring the growing need for comprehensive health protection targeted at this population. In particular, reliance on “average” health indicators or implicit assumptions that young people are uniformly healthy risks obscuring the heterogeneous and often cumulative health challenges experienced by youth situated in structurally vulnerable circumstances. Such reductive perspectives hinder the identification of health disparities that remain concealed beneath aggregate measures. In recent years, the need to identify and support diverse subgroups of vulnerable youth―including young caregivers, youth transitioning out of institutional care, and socially isolated or socially withdrawn youth―has become increasingly salient. Against this backdrop, the health sector must respond through strengthened policy initiatives aimed at the systematic identification of vulnerable youth and the provision of preventive, continuous, and needs-responsive health support.