This study examines the validity of disability recognition and explores institutional support measures for people with long-term conditions who experience restrictions in daily activities but are not formally recognised as disabled. Five conditions―epidermolysis bullosa, PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS), brain tumour, HIV/AIDS, and Crohn’s disease―were inductively selected to represent diverse patterns of functional limitation and institutional blind spots. Based on in-depth interviews with individuals living with these conditions, the study argues for the recognition of disability among people with long-term conditions and proposes expanding eligibility for disability-related benefits within the disability registration system.