In 2025, South Korea officially became a super-aged society. While the demand for Long-Term Care Hospitals (LTCHs) is expected to rise due to the increasing elderly population requiring chronic care, the current system suffers from ambiguous boundaries between medical treatment and long-term care. This ambiguity has led to functional overlaps with nursing facilities and inefficiencies in the delivery system. Furthermore, the prevalence of "social admissions"―where patients are hospitalized for caregiving or housing needs rather than medical necessity―poses a significant financial burden on the National Health Insurance (NHI). Against this backdrop, this study aims to provide evidentiary support and foundational data for improving the LTCH system, focusing on redefining LTCHs as medical institutions and ensuring the sustainability of the healthcare system.