South Korea is entering a super-aged society at the fastest rate in the world, necessitating a policy shift to address the expansion of the elderly population. While the country has achieved results through the expansion of systems such as the basic pension, long-term care insurance, dementia policies, and employment programmes for the elderly, the legal framework, national plans, administrative organisations, and governance have not been adequately reformed to match this progress, leading to fragmentation among policies and limitations in coordination. In particular, structural issues have been identified, including a limited legal framework centered on the Elderly Welfare Act, the fragmentation of sector-specific laws, overlaps and disconnects among numerous national plans, the absence of a cross-ministerial coordination system, and disparities in capacity across regions. Accordingly, this study analyzes the development process and institutional characteristics of elderly policies, and proposes directions for an integrated overhaul of laws, plans, organizations, and governance to address the super-aged society.